Connectionists: FW: The Morning: What the A.I. Nobels teach us about humanity

Sun Oct 13 13:30:38 EDT 2024

Of possible interest...

From: The New York Times <nytdirect at nytimes.com>
Sent: Sunday, October 13, 2024 6:06 AM
To: David H Kirshner <dkirsh at lsu.edu>
Subject: The Morning: What the A.I. Nobels teach us about humanity

Plus, 2024 election polling, the West Bank and "Pod Save America."
View in browser<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/o5YvjbQFLnTzGW0D8UyBuQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP4QrAWh0dHBzOi8vbWVzc2FnaW5nLWN1c3RvbS1uZXdzbGV0dGVycy5ueXRpbWVzLmNvbS9keW5hbWljL3JlbmRlcj9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjQxMDEzJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEzNjc1OCZpc1ZpZXdJbkJyb3dzZXI9dHJ1ZSZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZwYWlkX3JlZ2k9MSZyZWdpX2lkPTM4ODkxOTE3JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTgwMzIyJnVyaT1ueXQ6Ly9uZXdzbGV0dGVyLzJkM2RlMDQzLTM3YjEtNTczZC05ODcxLTlhNzRkODg2MjE4ZSZ1c2VyX2lkPWQzZDRhZjEyMmUzNWQwODU2MGIyZmYzZjYwYjc0ODllVwNueXRCCmcFkKkLZzspTstSDmRraXJzaEBsc3UuZWR1WAQAAAAD>|nytimes.com<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/UhBdxWbjFeO530DHM8kjnA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0SpaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyNDEwMTMmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTM2NzU4Jm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Mzg4OTE5MTcmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xODAzMjImdXNlcl9pZD1kM2Q0YWYxMjJlMzVkMDg1NjBiMmZmM2Y2MGI3NDg5ZVcDbnl0QgpnBZCpC2c7KU7LUg5ka2lyc2hAbHN1LmVkdVgEAAAAAw~~>
<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/WtO5WywXZoLmPgNyWOyBhA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0R6aHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9ODU5MTgxJmxpPU5OJm09ZDNkNGFmMTIyZTM1ZDA4NTYwYjJmZjNmNjBiNzQ4OWUmcD1OTl8yMDI0MTAxMyZzdHBlPWRlZmF1bHRXA255dEIKZwWQqQtnOylOy1IOZGtpcnNoQGxzdS5lZHVYBAAAAAM~>

[The Morning]

October 13, 2024

[Ad]<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/L-OPC5iXG9oHNGb9RgrgXA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0R7aHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9MTA4MDY3OSZsaT1OTiZtPWQzZDRhZjEyMmUzNWQwODU2MGIyZmYzZjYwYjc0ODllJnA9Tk5fMjAyNDEwMTMmc3RwZT1kZWZhdWx0VwNueXRCCmcFkKkLZzspTstSDmRraXJzaEBsc3UuZWR1WAQAAAAD>

Good morning. Today, my colleagues Alan Burdick and Katrina Miller explain a recent shift in the world of science. We're also covering 2024 election polling, the West Bank and "Pod Save America." -David Leonhardt

[A view of the Google DeepMind logo in an office building.]
Google's DeepMind office in London. Alastair Grant/Associated Press
Computed science
[Alan Burdick headshot]<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/newsletter/Pwb1HL37inDtac8sK2GXGA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0S4aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vYnkvYWxhbi1idXJkaWNrP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyNDEwMTMmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTM2NzU4Jm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Mzg4OTE5MTcmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xODAzMjImdXNlcl9pZD1kM2Q0YWYxMjJlMzVkMDg1NjBiMmZmM2Y2MGI3NDg5ZVcDbnl0QgpnBZCpC2c7KU7LUg5ka2lyc2hAbHN1LmVkdVgEAAAAAw~~>[Katrina Miller headshot]<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/newsletter/_aI1C8iCAV-gakYRXWYSFQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0S6aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vYnkva2F0cmluYS1taWxsZXI_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDI0MTAxMyZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMzY3NTgmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD0zODg5MTkxNyZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE4MDMyMiZ1c2VyX2lkPWQzZDRhZjEyMmUzNWQwODU2MGIyZmYzZjYwYjc0ODllVwNueXRCCmcFkKkLZzspTstSDmRraXJzaEBsc3UuZWR1WAQAAAAD>

By Alan Burdick<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/newsletter/Pwb1HL37inDtac8sK2GXGA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0S4aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vYnkvYWxhbi1idXJkaWNrP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyNDEwMTMmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTM2NzU4Jm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Mzg4OTE5MTcmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xODAzMjImdXNlcl9pZD1kM2Q0YWYxMjJlMzVkMDg1NjBiMmZmM2Y2MGI3NDg5ZVcDbnl0QgpnBZCpC2c7KU7LUg5ka2lyc2hAbHN1LmVkdVgEAAAAAw~~> and Katrina Miller<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/newsletter/_aI1C8iCAV-gakYRXWYSFQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0S6aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vYnkva2F0cmluYS1taWxsZXI_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDI0MTAxMyZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMzY3NTgmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD0zODg5MTkxNyZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE4MDMyMiZ1c2VyX2lkPWQzZDRhZjEyMmUzNWQwODU2MGIyZmYzZjYwYjc0ODllVwNueXRCCmcFkKkLZzspTstSDmRraXJzaEBsc3UuZWR1WAQAAAAD>

We are journalists on The Times's Science desk.

Technology observers have grown increasingly vocal in recent years about the threat that artificial intelligence poses to the human variety. A.I. models can write and talk like us, draw and paint like us, crush us at chess and Go. They express an unnerving simulacrum of creativity, not least where the truth is concerned.

A.I. is coming for science, too, as this week's Nobel Prizes seemed keen to demonstrate. On Tuesday, the Nobel Prize in Physics<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/newsletter/xAyKTaXzaa0XdudwAR4h6g~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0TUaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyNC8xMC8wOC9zY2llbmNlL25vYmVsLXByaXplLXBoeXNpY3MuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjQxMDEzJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEzNjc1OCZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTM4ODkxOTE3JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTgwMzIyJnVzZXJfaWQ9ZDNkNGFmMTIyZTM1ZDA4NTYwYjJmZjNmNjBiNzQ4OWVXA255dEIKZwWQqQtnOylOy1IOZGtpcnNoQGxzdS5lZHVYBAAAAAM~> was awarded to two scientists who helped computers "learn" closer to the way the human brain does. A day later, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry went to three researchers<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/newsletter/iwgCDDsZbV_XtLg0fiFSoA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0TWaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyNC8xMC8wOS9zY2llbmNlL25vYmVsLXByaXplLWNoZW1pc3RyeS5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyNDEwMTMmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTM2NzU4Jm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Mzg4OTE5MTcmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xODAzMjImdXNlcl9pZD1kM2Q0YWYxMjJlMzVkMDg1NjBiMmZmM2Y2MGI3NDg5ZVcDbnl0QgpnBZCpC2c7KU7LUg5ka2lyc2hAbHN1LmVkdVgEAAAAAw~~> for using A.I. to invent new proteins and reveal the structure of existing ones - a problem that stumped biologists for decades, yet could be solved by A.I. in minutes.
[A man in a navy suit giving a presentation in front of a large screen.]
The Nobel Committee for Chemistry announced the winners last week. Jonathan Nackstrand/Agence France-Presse - Getty Images

Cue the grousing: This was computer science, not physics or chemistry! Indeed, of the five laureates on Tuesday and Wednesday, arguably only one, the University of Washington biochemist David Baker, works in the field he was awarded in.

The scientific Nobels tend to award concrete results over theories, empirical discovery over pure idea. But that schema didn't quite hold this year, either. One prize went to scientists who leaned into physics as a foundation on which to build computer models used for no groundbreaking result in particular. The laureates on Wednesday, on the other hand, had created computer models that made big advancements in biochemistry.

These were outstanding and fundamentally human accomplishments, to be sure. But the Nobel recognition underscored a chilling prospect: Henceforth, perhaps scientists will merely craft the tools that make the breakthroughs, rather than do the revolutionary work themselves or even understand how it came about. Artificial intelligence designs and builds hundreds of molecular Notre Dames and Hagia Sophias, and a researcher gets a pat for inventing the shovel.

An old prize in a new world

But grant humans their due. Science has always involved tools and instruments, and our relationship to them has grown more complex with their sophistication. Few astronomers look at the sky anymore, or even put an eye to a telescope. Sensors on Earth and in space "observe," gathering mind-boggling reams of data; computer programs parse and analyze it for patterns familiar and strange; and a team of researchers scrutinizes it, sometimes from halfway across the world. The heavens are pixels on a monitor. Who owns the discovery? Where does the machinery end and the human begin?

If anything, by highlighting the role of A.I. in science, the Nobel Committee underscored what an anachronism its recognition has become. The prizes conceived by Alfred Nobel in 1895 rewarded a certain romantic view of science: the lone genius (typically male) planting flags on the continents of Physics, Chemistry and Medicine. But the world's current problems, from climate change and food insecurity to cancer and extinction, don't respect those boundaries. Rare is the pure biologist or chemist; increasingly common is the geochemist, the paleogenomicist, the computational evolutionary theorist, the astrobiologist.

A.I. is blurring these divisions only further. Richard Socher, the chief executive of You.com and another godfather of A.I., has argued that<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/dZXh96dwgz-yUxP9zxPSBw~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0THaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubmNiaS5ubG0ubmloLmdvdi9wbWMvYXJ0aWNsZXMvUE1DMTA1MTEzNDQvP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyNDEwMTMmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTM2NzU4Jm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Mzg4OTE5MTcmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xODAzMjImdXNlcl9pZD1kM2Q0YWYxMjJlMzVkMDg1NjBiMmZmM2Y2MGI3NDg5ZVcDbnl0QgpnBZCpC2c7KU7LUg5ka2lyc2hAbHN1LmVkdVgEAAAAAw~~> the technology's greatest contribution will come as it links and mines the databases of heretofore disparate disciplines, from crystallography to neuroscience, to forge new and unexpected collaborations among scientists.

"Among" is the key word. Science is ever more of a team effort, a beautiful, essential reality that the Nobels, with their strict rules and categories, are unable to properly celebrate. "It is unfortunate that, due to the statutes of the Nobel Foundation, the prize has to go to no more than three people, when our marvelous discovery is the work of more than a thousand," Kip Thorne, a physicist at Caltech, said after winning the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2017.

And if the Nobel Committee is now rewarding the contributions of A.I., should it not also recognize the researchers whose results it learned from? To crack the protein structure problem, AlphaFold, the A.I. that led to this year's Chemistry prize, was trained on a databank<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/vgswghRx3QyJainwiqjEhA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0T9aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuc3RhdG5ld3MuY29tLzIwMjQvMTAvMTEvd2lsbC1ub2JlbC13aW5uaW5nLWFpLWJ1aWx0LW9uLW9wZW4tc2NpZW5jZS13aXRoc3RhbmQtY29tbWVyY2lhbGl6YXRpb24vP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyNDEwMTMmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTM2NzU4Jm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Mzg4OTE5MTcmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xODAzMjImdXNlcl9pZD1kM2Q0YWYxMjJlMzVkMDg1NjBiMmZmM2Y2MGI3NDg5ZVcDbnl0QgpnBZCpC2c7KU7LUg5ka2lyc2hAbHN1LmVkdVgEAAAAAw~~> encapsulating the work of more than 30,000 biologists.

No human can exist alone - and our machines definitely can't, at least not yet. What they do with their time reflects the choices made by us. What they discover with it is a distillation of what we ourselves have learned, or hope to. A.I. is us: a grand sampling of humanity, a better sum of parts than so far we've managed to assemble each on our own. That's worth a prize or two.
[Ad]
<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/tQhcUjRC2jFzzZOllE3e7w~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0R6aHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9ODU5MTg3JmxpPU5OJm09ZDNkNGFmMTIyZTM1ZDA4NTYwYjJmZjNmNjBiNzQ4OWUmcD1OTl8yMDI0MTAxMyZzdHBlPWRlZmF1bHRXA255dEIKZwWQqQtnOylOy1IOZGtpcnNoQGxzdS5lZHVYBAAAAAM~>
<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/tQhcUjRC2jFzzZOllE3e7w~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0R6aHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9ODU5MTg3JmxpPU5OJm09ZDNkNGFmMTIyZTM1ZDA4NTYwYjJmZjNmNjBiNzQ4OWUmcD1OTl8yMDI0MTAxMyZzdHBlPWRlZmF1bHRXA255dEIKZwWQqQtnOylOy1IOZGtpcnNoQGxzdS5lZHVYBAAAAAM~>

[Al Pacino sits with hands clasped in front of his chin. He is wearing black, and he is in front of a forest green background.]<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/esJTkZaB0oSJ8p5nqq0fnA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0THaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vaW50ZXJuYXRpb25hbC9zZWN0aW9uL21hZ2F6aW5lP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyNDEwMTMmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTM2NzU4Jm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Mzg4OTE5MTcmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xODAzMjImdXNlcl9pZD1kM2Q0YWYxMjJlMzVkMDg1NjBiMmZmM2Y2MGI3NDg5ZVcDbnl0QgpnBZCpC2c7KU7LUg5ka2lyc2hAbHN1LmVkdVgEAAAAAw~~>
Photograph by Philip Montgomery for The New York Times

Click the cover image above to read this week's magazine.

THE MORNING RECOMMENDS ...

Relieve stress with a 7-minute workout<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/newsletter/nIL-50mXkyYUGaDT7uURyQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0TeaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyNC8xMC8wOS93ZWxsL21vdmUvc2hvcnQtc3RyZXNzLXJlbGllZi13b3Jrb3V0Lmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDI0MTAxMyZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMzY3NTgmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD0zODg5MTkxNyZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE4MDMyMiZ1c2VyX2lkPWQzZDRhZjEyMmUzNWQwODU2MGIyZmYzZjYwYjc0ODllVwNueXRCCmcFkKkLZzspTstSDmRraXJzaEBsc3UuZWR1WAQAAAAD>.

Use an app to meditate<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/WVg8RHQw0sMgvZl-nSnGpg~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0TRaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vd2lyZWN1dHRlci9yZXZpZXdzL2Jlc3QtbWVkaXRhdGlvbi1hcHBzLz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjQxMDEzJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEzNjc1OCZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTM4ODkxOTE3JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTgwMzIyJnVzZXJfaWQ9ZDNkNGFmMTIyZTM1ZDA4NTYwYjJmZjNmNjBiNzQ4OWVXA255dEIKZwWQqQtnOylOy1IOZGtpcnNoQGxzdS5lZHVYBAAAAAM~>.

Buy a gift for a recently engaged couple<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/5RwAhjBvrW-R9a-lv9cfkA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0TQaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vd2lyZWN1dHRlci9naWZ0cy9iZXN0LWVuZ2FnZW1lbnQtZ2lmdHMvP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyNDEwMTMmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTM2NzU4Jm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Mzg4OTE5MTcmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xODAzMjImdXNlcl9pZD1kM2Q0YWYxMjJlMzVkMDg1NjBiMmZmM2Y2MGI3NDg5ZVcDbnl0QgpnBZCpC2c7KU7LUg5ka2lyc2hAbHN1LmVkdVgEAAAAAw~~>.

MEAL PLAN

[A close-up of a cast-iron skillet filled with chicken in a tomato sauce.]
Christopher Testani for The New York Times. Food Stylist: Simon Andrews.

Each week, we feature recipes that Emily Weinstein thinks you can easily whip up for a weeknight meal. Now, Emily has collected her favorites into a cookbook: "Easy Weeknight Dinners: 100 Fast, Flavor-Packed Meals for Busy People Who Still Want Something Good to Eat." (You can order your copy here<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/K5bslDDHJalprRWFhMmiJw~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP4QKAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnBlbmd1aW5yYW5kb21ob3VzZS5jb20vYm9va3MvNzYxNTk1L2Vhc3ktd2Vla25pZ2h0LWRpbm5lcnMtYnktZW1pbHktd2VpbnN0ZWluLWFuZC10aGUtbmV3LXlvcmstdGltZXMtY29va2luZy8_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDI0MTAxMyZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMzY3NTgmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD0zODg5MTkxNyZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE4MDMyMiZ1c2VyX2lkPWQzZDRhZjEyMmUzNWQwODU2MGIyZmYzZjYwYjc0ODllVwNueXRCCmcFkKkLZzspTstSDmRraXJzaEBsc3UuZWR1WAQAAAAD>.)

In honor of the book's debut, the Five Weeknight Dishes newsletter<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/newsletter/vnFdXkYGVgdGzwGjO82ePw~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0TQaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyNC8xMC8wOC9kaW5pbmcvb3VyLWJvb2staXMtaGVyZS5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyNDEwMTMmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTM2NzU4Jm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Mzg4OTE5MTcmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xODAzMjImdXNlcl9pZD1kM2Q0YWYxMjJlMzVkMDg1NjBiMmZmM2Y2MGI3NDg5ZVcDbnl0QgpnBZCpC2c7KU7LUg5ka2lyc2hAbHN1LmVkdVgEAAAAAw~~> this week features the dish pictured on the cover: Melissa Clark's chicken with tomatoes, pancetta and mozzarella.

NOW TIME TO PLAY

[https://static01.nyt.com/images/2024/10/13/multimedia/13morning-bee/13morning-bee-jumbo.png]<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/JTGJbYoAIdgAeB1pUcU7Rg~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0S9aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vcHV6emxlcy9zcGVsbGluZy1iZWU_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDI0MTAxMyZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMzY3NTgmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD0zODg5MTkxNyZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE4MDMyMiZ1c2VyX2lkPWQzZDRhZjEyMmUzNWQwODU2MGIyZmYzZjYwYjc0ODllVwNueXRCCmcFkKkLZzspTstSDmRraXJzaEBsc3UuZWR1WAQAAAAD>

Here is today's Spelling Bee<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/JTGJbYoAIdgAeB1pUcU7Rg~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0S9aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vcHV6emxlcy9zcGVsbGluZy1iZWU_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDI0MTAxMyZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMzY3NTgmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD0zODg5MTkxNyZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE4MDMyMiZ1c2VyX2lkPWQzZDRhZjEyMmUzNWQwODU2MGIyZmYzZjYwYjc0ODllVwNueXRCCmcFkKkLZzspTstSDmRraXJzaEBsc3UuZWR1WAQAAAAD>. Yesterday's pangram was billionth.

Can you put eight historical events - including Queen Elizabeth I, hurricane ratings and the discovery of prairie dogs - in chronological order? Take this week's Flashback quiz<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/newsletter/hBJlbGOfBrqYtIkrFBAp1w~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0TVaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vaW50ZXJhY3RpdmUvMjAyNC8xMC8xMS91cHNob3QvZmxhc2hiYWNrLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDI0MTAxMyZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMzY3NTgmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD0zODg5MTkxNyZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE4MDMyMiZ1c2VyX2lkPWQzZDRhZjEyMmUzNWQwODU2MGIyZmYzZjYwYjc0ODllVwNueXRCCmcFkKkLZzspTstSDmRraXJzaEBsc3UuZWR1WAQAAAAD>.

And here are today's Mini Crossword<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/DqN-TxDeQUx9ssaD8dY_OA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0S9aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vY3Jvc3N3b3Jkcy9nYW1lL21pbmk_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDI0MTAxMyZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMzY3NTgmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD0zODg5MTkxNyZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE4MDMyMiZ1c2VyX2lkPWQzZDRhZjEyMmUzNWQwODU2MGIyZmYzZjYwYjc0ODllVwNueXRCCmcFkKkLZzspTstSDmRraXJzaEBsc3UuZWR1WAQAAAAD>, Wordle<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/JKp8pvy3XhJbUDEdeKboog~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0TAaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vZ2FtZXMvd29yZGxlL2luZGV4Lmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDI0MTAxMyZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMzY3NTgmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD0zODg5MTkxNyZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE4MDMyMiZ1c2VyX2lkPWQzZDRhZjEyMmUzNWQwODU2MGIyZmYzZjYwYjc0ODllVwNueXRCCmcFkKkLZzspTstSDmRraXJzaEBsc3UuZWR1WAQAAAAD>, Sudoku<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/pumuLJLGVwRWsCd1C_vK9w~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0S3aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vcHV6emxlcy9zdWRva3U_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDI0MTAxMyZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMzY3NTgmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD0zODg5MTkxNyZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE4MDMyMiZ1c2VyX2lkPWQzZDRhZjEyMmUzNWQwODU2MGIyZmYzZjYwYjc0ODllVwNueXRCCmcFkKkLZzspTstSDmRraXJzaEBsc3UuZWR1WAQAAAAD>, Connections<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/6heJIJj77-6cs-KoyMkImA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0S6aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vZ2FtZXMvY29ubmVjdGlvbnM_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDI0MTAxMyZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMzY3NTgmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD0zODg5MTkxNyZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE4MDMyMiZ1c2VyX2lkPWQzZDRhZjEyMmUzNWQwODU2MGIyZmYzZjYwYjc0ODllVwNueXRCCmcFkKkLZzspTstSDmRraXJzaEBsc3UuZWR1WAQAAAAD> and Strands<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/l5w8rnbDpFkWoZXUKZcIfA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0S2aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vZ2FtZXMvc3RyYW5kcz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjQxMDEzJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEzNjc1OCZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTM4ODkxOTE3JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTgwMzIyJnVzZXJfaWQ9ZDNkNGFmMTIyZTM1ZDA4NTYwYjJmZjNmNjBiNzQ4OWVXA255dEIKZwWQqQtnOylOy1IOZGtpcnNoQGxzdS5lZHVYBAAAAAM~>.

Thanks for spending part of your weekend with The Times.

Sign up here to get this newsletter in your inbox<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/CySm7LX1iu3rFxE3L6VyKg~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0TFaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vbmV3c2xldHRlcnMvbW9ybmluZy1icmllZmluZz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjQxMDEzJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEzNjc1OCZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTM4ODkxOTE3JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTgwMzIyJnVzZXJfaWQ9ZDNkNGFmMTIyZTM1ZDA4NTYwYjJmZjNmNjBiNzQ4OWVXA255dEIKZwWQqQtnOylOy1IOZGtpcnNoQGxzdS5lZHVYBAAAAAM~>. Reach our team at themorning at nytimes.com<mailto:themorning at nytimes.com>.

[The Morning Newsletter Logo]

Editor: David Leonhardt

Deputy Editor: Adam B. Kushner

News Editor: Tom Wright-Piersanti

Associate Editor: Lauren Jackson

News Staff: Desiree Ibekwe, Sean Kawasaki-Culligan, Brent Lewis, German Lopez, Ian Prasad Philbrick, Ashley Wu

News Assistant: Lyna Bentahar

Saturday Writer: Melissa Kirsch

Need help? Review our newsletter help page<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/B9c1drPM5jnMxQRkv2Petg~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0TUaHR0cHM6Ly9oZWxwLm55dGltZXMuY29tL2hjL2VuLXVzL2FydGljbGVzLzM2MDAwMTQ4ODI2Ni1OZXdzbGV0dGVycz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjQxMDEzJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEzNjc1OCZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTM4ODkxOTE3JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTgwMzIyJnVzZXJfaWQ9ZDNkNGFmMTIyZTM1ZDA4NTYwYjJmZjNmNjBiNzQ4OWVXA255dEIKZwWQqQtnOylOy1IOZGtpcnNoQGxzdS5lZHVYBAAAAAM~> or contact us<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/7sEHPaVirdL6SGvSOOt-6w~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0TTaHR0cHM6Ly9oZWxwLm55dGltZXMuY29tL2hjL2VuLXVzL2FydGljbGVzLzExNTAxNTM4NTg4Ny1Db250YWN0LXVzP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyNDEwMTMmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTM2NzU4Jm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Mzg4OTE5MTcmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xODAzMjImdXNlcl9pZD1kM2Q0YWYxMjJlMzVkMDg1NjBiMmZmM2Y2MGI3NDg5ZVcDbnl0QgpnBZCpC2c7KU7LUg5ka2lyc2hAbHN1LmVkdVgEAAAAAw~~> for assistance.

You received this email because you signed up for the Morning newsletter from The New York Times, or as part of your New York Times account.

To stop receiving The Morning, unsubscribe<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/K3RCdPY88bySqI6jjO1EZg~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0SraHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vbmV3c2xldHRlcnMvb3B0b3V0P3Byb2R1Y3Q9Tk4mc2VuZF9pZD0xODAzMjImdG9rZW49Mzc5YzA1YjZmOTk4YzY0YmRjNGViNTE3MGNlMTMyYmUwZWZkZWM3YzBiMjFhOTY4NGIxOTE0ODE4ZWMyZDhmNzRjZmFmOGQ5MjI3NmE3NjVkOGJkZmRhNzM2YjlhMzc4VwNueXRCCmcFkKkLZzspTstSDmRraXJzaEBsc3UuZWR1WAQAAAAD>. To opt out of other promotional emails from The Times, including those regarding The Athletic, manage your email settings<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/QfoUXzF6kj1xK_RfvZW0Lg~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0SgaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vbmV3c2xldHRlcnMvbWFuYWdlP3NlbmRfaWQ9MTgwMzIyJnRva2VuPTM5MjEzZGRmMGY3YjQ4MGEwZDYxMzNkMTU4NzZjYzNmZDhkNTg5NDhlZjhkZGUwNzM1OTA2NjY5MDJhNWE2MDI5MTYxNGMyMWI4NmRhMmE0MmI3Y2IzOTNmZjkyMDViMlcDbnl0QgpnBZCpC2c7KU7LUg5ka2lyc2hAbHN1LmVkdVgEAAAAAw~~>. To opt out of updates and offers sent from The Athletic, submit a request<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/LgLzgjyTjtFIVncanlgKPw~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0TGaHR0cHM6Ly90aGVhdGhsZXRpYy56ZW5kZXNrLmNvbS9oYy9lbi11cy9yZXF1ZXN0cy9uZXc_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDI0MTAxMyZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMzY3NTgmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD0zODg5MTkxNyZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE4MDMyMiZ1c2VyX2lkPWQzZDRhZjEyMmUzNWQwODU2MGIyZmYzZjYwYjc0ODllVwNueXRCCmcFkKkLZzspTstSDmRraXJzaEBsc3UuZWR1WAQAAAAD>.

Subscribe to The Times<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/YJuzbHGSQ63KQcIrk8oy9A~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0TGaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vc3Vic2NyaXB0aW9uP2NhbXBhaWduSWQ9OVJYNzgmY2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDI0MTAxMyZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMzY3NTgmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD0zODg5MTkxNyZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE4MDMyMiZ1c2VyX2lkPWQzZDRhZjEyMmUzNWQwODU2MGIyZmYzZjYwYjc0ODllVwNueXRCCmcFkKkLZzspTstSDmRraXJzaEBsc3UuZWR1WAQAAAAD>Get The New York Times app<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/qLg4acGUyCIPEGS9CPPgRg~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0TDaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vc2VydmljZXMvbW9iaWxlL2luZGV4Lmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDI0MTAxMyZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMzY3NTgmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD0zODg5MTkxNyZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE4MDMyMiZ1c2VyX2lkPWQzZDRhZjEyMmUzNWQwODU2MGIyZmYzZjYwYjc0ODllVwNueXRCCmcFkKkLZzspTstSDmRraXJzaEBsc3UuZWR1WAQAAAAD>

Connect with us on:
[facebook]<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/iCOXwFC1fdo6QUH2NYTAVA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0SxaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZmFjZWJvb2suY29tL255dGltZXM_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDI0MTAxMyZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMzY3NTgmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD0zODg5MTkxNyZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE4MDMyMiZ1c2VyX2lkPWQzZDRhZjEyMmUzNWQwODU2MGIyZmYzZjYwYjc0ODllVwNueXRCCmcFkKkLZzspTstSDmRraXJzaEBsc3UuZWR1WAQAAAAD>
[x]<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/v6i6Ko18r60a4nCdlEmIwQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0SmaHR0cHM6Ly94LmNvbS9ueXRpbWVzP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyNDEwMTMmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTM2NzU4Jm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Mzg4OTE5MTcmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xODAzMjImdXNlcl9pZD1kM2Q0YWYxMjJlMzVkMDg1NjBiMmZmM2Y2MGI3NDg5ZVcDbnl0QgpnBZCpC2c7KU7LUg5ka2lyc2hAbHN1LmVkdVgEAAAAAw~~>
[instagram]<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/uAkzpQWg5X7jZj6ETV7MZg~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0SzaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaW5zdGFncmFtLmNvbS9ueXRpbWVzLz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjQxMDEzJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEzNjc1OCZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTM4ODkxOTE3JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTgwMzIyJnVzZXJfaWQ9ZDNkNGFmMTIyZTM1ZDA4NTYwYjJmZjNmNjBiNzQ4OWVXA255dEIKZwWQqQtnOylOy1IOZGtpcnNoQGxzdS5lZHVYBAAAAAM~>
[whatsapp]<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/lREB7SwGX15t7k35xCR4CQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0TKaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cud2hhdHNhcHAuY29tL2NoYW5uZWwvMDAyOVZhMXdmMkREMzhDSzJQY2RIRzFOP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyNDEwMTMmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTM2NzU4Jm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Mzg4OTE5MTcmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xODAzMjImdXNlcl9pZD1kM2Q0YWYxMjJlMzVkMDg1NjBiMmZmM2Y2MGI3NDg5ZVcDbnl0QgpnBZCpC2c7KU7LUg5ka2lyc2hAbHN1LmVkdVgEAAAAAw~~>

Change Your Email<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/Bo2_TTGVSazs2dTSagNG0Q~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0S9aHR0cHM6Ly9teWFjY291bnQubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vbWVtL2VtYWlsLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDI0MTAxMyZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMzY3NTgmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD0zODg5MTkxNyZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE4MDMyMiZ1c2VyX2lkPWQzZDRhZjEyMmUzNWQwODU2MGIyZmYzZjYwYjc0ODllVwNueXRCCmcFkKkLZzspTstSDmRraXJzaEBsc3UuZWR1WAQAAAAD>Privacy Policy<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/1hGDZHx8YNRIAKMdeMb6LA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0TfaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vY29udGVudC9oZWxwL3JpZ2h0cy9wcml2YWN5L3BvbGljeS9wcml2YWN5LXBvbGljeS5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyNDEwMTMmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTM2NzU4Jm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Mzg4OTE5MTcmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xODAzMjImdXNlcl9pZD1kM2Q0YWYxMjJlMzVkMDg1NjBiMmZmM2Y2MGI3NDg5ZVcDbnl0QgpnBZCpC2c7KU7LUg5ka2lyc2hAbHN1LmVkdVgEAAAAAw~~>Contact Us<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/R_2cgIfdW0PsZfBU1YYa_w~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0TFaHR0cHM6Ly9teWFjY291bnQubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vbWVtYmVyY2VudGVyL2hlbHAuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjQxMDEzJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEzNjc1OCZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTM4ODkxOTE3JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTgwMzIyJnVzZXJfaWQ9ZDNkNGFmMTIyZTM1ZDA4NTYwYjJmZjNmNjBiNzQ4OWVXA255dEIKZwWQqQtnOylOy1IOZGtpcnNoQGxzdS5lZHVYBAAAAAM~>California Notices<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/anrVAOieZQ7q-r177E1EmQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0TCaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vcHJpdmFjeS9jYWxpZm9ybmlhLW5vdGljZT9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjQxMDEzJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEzNjc1OCZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTM4ODkxOTE3JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTgwMzIyJnVzZXJfaWQ9ZDNkNGFmMTIyZTM1ZDA4NTYwYjJmZjNmNjBiNzQ4OWVXA255dEIKZwWQqQtnOylOy1IOZGtpcnNoQGxzdS5lZHVYBAAAAAM~>
[LiveIntent Logo]<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/3BCkgAM-CaiMpa-3aHsjyQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0QlaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubGl2ZWludGVudC5jb20vcG93ZXJlZC1ieVcDbnl0QgpnBZCpC2c7KU7LUg5ka2lyc2hAbHN1LmVkdVgEAAAAAw~~>[AdChoices Logo]<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/xjJmkbCKi-uPzBiBd-6Z9w~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRo7i6QP0QlaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubGl2ZWludGVudC5jb20vYWQtY2hvaWNlc1cDbnl0QgpnBZCpC2c7KU7LUg5ka2lyc2hAbHN1LmVkdVgEAAAAAw~~>

The New York Times Company. 620 Eighth Avenue New York, NY 10018

-------------- next part --------------
An HTML attachment was scrubbed...
URL: <http://mailman.srv.cs.cmu.edu/pipermail/connectionists/attachments/20241013/f88318ee/attachment.html>