Connectionists: 7th rTAIM Seminar - Jaroslav Malík (Uni. Hradec Králové) | 6 December 2023, 2:30pm-4:00pm (Lisbon Time Zone)

[steven gouveia]

Dear All,

I'm happy to share the details for the 7th rTAIM Monthly Seminar focused on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine in a broad sense. This seventh seminar will be focused on Explainability and AI in Medicine.

Date: 6 December 2023 | 2:30pm-4:00pm (Lisbon Time Zone)
Speaker: Jaroslav Malík (Uni. Hradec Králové)

Title: Explanatory AI in Medicine: The Need for Pragmatics of XAI

Abstract: The relationship between a clinician and a patient is built on trust, which ultimately rests on the transparency of medical methods. However, as neural networks (NNs) are employed in medicine, they prove problematic because NNs are opaque black-box systems. Thus, an explanatory gap is generated, undermining established trust between clinicians and patients. In this paper, I argue that to cross this gap, what is necessary is not only explainable AI (XAI) but also explanatory AI. A problem with current XAI methods is that they can, at best, provide causal How-explanations which only generate observations that do not get us to the underlying cause of an event. What is required is to understand the process of Why-explanations, which often involve counterfactual reasoning based on more basic observations. To do that, engaging with the clinical practice itself is necessary to formulate a standard for explanations. I will argue that when diagnosing, doctors often engage in selective abductive reasoning, where they hypothesise what might be the case depending on the available evidence. Therefore, a hypothesis-driven model of explanatory AI is required, which could be used to design an AI interpreter meant to provide more illuminating explanations of AI behaviour. I further argue that we must exploit the current rising transformer architecture paradigm. The reason is that transformer NNs have proven to be capable of the necessary abductive reasoning, alongside multi-modality and context-sensitivity, useful for human interpretable explanations.

Short bio: Jaroslav Malík is a PhD candidate from the University of Hradec Králové. His philosophical work explores the intersection between philosophy of mind, philosophy of technology, and philosophical anthropology. He is currently concentrating on topics related to the ethics of AI, ranging from XAI to the alignment problem.
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To attend via Zoom (free access): Link: https://videoconf-colibri.zoom.us/j/97214569655?pwd=ZjNnWEtRVVNERC9Zc3VqamdJc2ZqZz09
[ID: 972 1456 9655 | Password: 535459].

More info on the Seminars and recording of previous sessions: https://trustaimedicine.weebly.com/news.html
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rTAIM Seminars: Forthcoming: #7  | Jaroslav Malík    (Uni. Hradec Králové) |  6 December 2023 | 2:30pm-4:00pm  (Lisbon Time Zone) | "Explanatory AI in Medicine: The need for pragmatics of...
trustaimedicine.weebly.com


Thank you very much,

Steven S. Gouveia


Ph.D. (University of Minho)

ex-PostDoc Fellow (Uni. Ottawa) & CEFH (Portuguese Catholic Uni., PT)

Research Fellow (2023-2029) Mind, Language & Action Group (Uni. Porto, PT)

Honorary Professor, Faculty of Medicine (Uni. Andrés Bello, Chile)

https://stevensgouveia.weebly.com<https://stevensgouveia.weebly.com/>

(Books, papers, talks, etc)

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