Connectionists: Computational cognitive models of prefrontal-striatal-hippocampal interactions in Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia.

[Mark Gluck]

A copy of our new in-press paper:

Moustafa, A. A. & Gluck, M. A. (2011). Computational cognitive models of prefrontal-striatal-hippocampal interactions in Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia. Neural Networks. In press (doi:10.1016/j.neunet.2011.02.006)
 
is available on line at : http://www.gluck.edu/pdf/Moustafa2011NeuralNetworks.pdf.pdf

A b s t r a c t
 
Disruption to different components of the prefrontal cortex, basal ganglia, and hippocampal circuits leads to various psychiatric and neurological disorders including Parkinson’s disease (PD) and schizophrenia. Medications used to treat these disorders (such as levodopa, dopamine agonists, antipsychotics, among others) affect the prefrontal-striatal-hippocampal circuits in a complex fashion. We have built models of prefrontal-striatal and striatal-hippocampal interactions which simulate cognitive dysfunction in PD and schizophrenia. In these models, we argue that the basal ganglia is key for stimulus-response learning, the hippocampus for stimulus-stimulus representational learning, and the prefrontal cortex for stimulus selection during learning about multidimensional stimuli. In our models, PD is associated with reduced dopamine levels in the basal ganglia and prefrontal cortex. In contrast, the cognitive deficits in schizophrenia are associated primarily with hippocampal dysfunction, while the occurrence of negative symptoms is associated with frontostriatal deficits in a subset of patients. In this paper, we review our past models and provide new simulation results for both PD and schizophrenia. We also describe an extended model that includes simulation of the different functional role of D1 and D2 dopamine receptors in the basal ganglia and prefrontal cortex, a dissociation we argue is essential for understanding the nonuniform effects of levodopa, dopamine agonists, and antipsychotics on cognition. Motivated by clinical and physiological data, we discuss model limitations and challenges to be addressed in future models of these brain disorders.

___________________________________
Dr. Mark A. Gluck,  Professor  
  Director, Rutgers Memory Disorders Project  
Center for Molecular  and Behavioral Neuroscience
Rutgers University                                
197 University Ave.                                   
Newark, New Jersey  07102                  
 	 Web:  http://www.gluck.edu
	 Email:  gluck at pavlov.rutgers.edu
    	Ph:  (973) 353-3298
 
     












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