[ACT-R-users] ACT-R robot (UNCLASSIFIED)

Tue Jun 24 18:45:24 EDT 2008

       Mention of CYC reminds me that Ken Forbus has been doing a lot of
work with CYC to automatically "read" and encode inputs to the kinds of
analogical reasoning processes that he and Dedre Gentner do, in order to
remove the element of subjectivity that has been in the encoding process.

Susan Chipman


On 6/24/08, Ball, Jerry T Civ USAF AFMC AFRL/RHAT <
Jerry.Ball at mesa.afmc.af.mil> wrote:
>
> Troy,
>
> A few years ago we looked at integrating CYC with ACT-R (caveat: we never
> actually implemented anything). It turns out that the basic form of
> knowledge representation in CYC (logical predicates and assertions) is quite
> different from what is supported in ACT-R (chunks --aka frames-- and
> productions). In fact, early CYC used frames, but was later converted to
> logical predicates. Automatically mapping CYC logical predicates and
> assertions to ACT-R chunks and productions is a non-trivial task, but
> certainly one worth pursuing.
>
> More recently, with respect to language modeling, I have come to believe
> that it is important to have a good idea of the range of tasks an ontology
> will be used to help perform. Creating ontologies in the abstract, without
> reference to some task or tasks, is very open-ended and doesn't directly
> facilitate modeling task behavior. This may explain, in part, why CYC has
> not had more success. The ontology used in the language model is motivated
> by the need to process various grammatical constructions. New categories in
> the ontology are introduced, as needed, to fulfill functional requirements.
> In the long run, this approach may (or may not) lead to an ontology which is
> generalizable to new tasks, but in the short run it is important to have the
> ontological concepts needed to perform the task at hand. Of course, the more
> complex the task, the more complex the ontology, and language comprehension
> is certainly a complex task, ultimately requiring a fully general ontology,
> but one that is functionally motivated.
>
> Jerry
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: act-r-users-bounces at act-r.psy.cmu.edu [mailto:
> act-r-users-bounces at act-r.psy.cmu.edu] On Behalf Of Emond, Bruno
> Sent: Tuesday, June 24, 2008 10:50 AM
> To: Kelley, Troy (Civ,ARL/HRED); Susan Chipman; Dan Bothell
> Cc: act-r-users at act-r.psy.cmu.edu
> Subject: Re: [ACT-R-users] ACT-R robot (UNCLASSIFIED)
>
> Troy,
> This looks like we a sliding into another thread.
> Anyhow, you might want to look at the WN/Lexical as another model for
> implementing large conceptual models. There is a parameter in WN/lexical to
> load Wordnet chunks either in Declarative memory or in the WN/Lexical
> module. You might be able to reuse some of the WN/Lexical code.
> Bruno
>
>
>
> On 6/24/08 1:25 PM, "Kelley, Troy (Civ,ARL/HRED)" <tkelley at arl.army.mil>
> wrote:
>
> > Classification:  UNCLASSIFIED
> > Caveats: NONE
> >
> > Susan,
> >
> > We have been looking at using a semantic network as a starting point
> > for declarative memory chunks.  There are two major semantic networks
> that
> > we are looking at using.  ConceptNet from MIT and OpenCYC which is a spin
> > off of Doug Lenat's work at the University of Texas.  We are still
> working
> > on exactly how to interface a semantic network with declarative memory
> > chunks, but I think the general idea has promise. We are also trying to
> use
> > a production syntax so that the same general productions don't have to be
> > developed over and over.  Both of these ideas have promise but we are
> still
> > working on the implementations.
> >
> > Troy D. Kelley
> > AMSRD-HR-SE
> > Army Research Laboratory
> > Human Research and Engineering Directorate (HRED)
> > Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen MD 21005-5425
> > voice: 410-278-5869
> > fax: 410-278-9523
> >
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: act-r-users-bounces at act-r.psy.cmu.edu
> > [mailto:act-r-users-bounces at act-r.psy.cmu.edu] On Behalf Of Susan
> Chipman
> > Sent: Tuesday, June 24, 2008 1:10 PM
> > To: Dan Bothell
> > Cc: act-r-users at act-r.psy.cmu.edu
> > Subject: Re: [ACT-R-users] ACT-R robot
> >
> >         As the former sponsor of much of the ACT-R work, I would really
> like
> > to have seen a cumulative library of model building work in order to
> avoid
> > duplication of effort and the associated waste of scarce research
> funding.
> > In particular, it seemed to me that declarative knowledge should not be
> > built over and over again.   I retired, so I am no longer in a position
> to
> > push this agenda, but I hope the community will come to such a conclusion
> > soon.
> >
> > Susan Chipman
> >
> >
> > On Tue, Jun 24, 2008 at 12:00 PM, Dan Bothell <db30 at andrew.cmu.edu>
> wrote:
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > --On Tuesday, June 24, 2008 8:04 AM -0700 Bruce J Weimer MD
> >
> > <bjweimer at charter.net> wrote:
> >
> >
> >> Also, I was wondering as I read the papers, is information that's
> > learned
> >> during a session with the robot stored or saved when the robot's
> > turned
> >> off  or is it lost?  I'm reading through the ACT-R tutorials and
> > it seems
> >> that  each time a model is run, it's reset to run again - there
> > (so far)
> >> hasn't  been any mention of a mechanism to save the information in
> >> declarative  memory, weights, latencies, etc.
> >>
> >
> >
> > There is no mechanism built into ACT-R for saving the internal state
> > of any
> > module or the system in general.  However, depending on what you
> > want to
> > save, it's usually not too difficult to just cache that out and read
> > it
> > back in later.
> >
> > For example, here's a function which will create a file with the
> > commands
> > to rebuild the chunks in declarative memory and restore their
> > parameters
> > (only one of the declarative parameters is included here for
> > brevity):
> >
> > (defun save-chunks (file-name)
> > (let ((chunks (no-output (dm)))
> >       (params (no-output (sdp :name :reference-count)))
> >       (cmdt (car (no-output (sgp :cmdt)))))
> >
> >   (sgp-fct (list :cmdt file-name))
> >
> >   (command-output "(add-dm ")
> >
> >   (dolist (x chunks)
> >     (command-output "(")
> >     (pprint-chunks-fct (list x))
> >     (command-output ")"))
> >   (command-output ")")
> >
> >   (dolist (x params)
> >     (command-output "(sdp ~A :reference-count ~s)" (first x)
> > (second x)))
> >
> >   (sgp-fct (list :cmdt cmdt))))
> >
> > The file that writes out could then just be loaded later to restore
> > the
> > model's declarative memory.  A similar function could be written to
> > dump
> > the productions and their parameters (see the reference manual for
> > the
> > relevant commands).
> >
> > Depending on how the general parameters for the model are set there
> > may
> > be some other things that would need to be adjusted as well, but
> > those
> > sorts of things are going to vary from model to model.  One example
> > would
> > be either advancing the time to where the "old" model left off or
> > adjusting
> > all of the declarative parameters to reflect the "current" time
> > being
> > necessary if base-level learning were enabled.
> >
> > Dan
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > ACT-R-users mailing list
> > ACT-R-users at act-r.psy.cmu.edu
> > http://act-r.psy.cmu.edu/mailman/listinfo/act-r-users
> >
> >
> >
> > Classification:  UNCLASSIFIED
> > Caveats: NONE
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > ACT-R-users mailing list
> > ACT-R-users at act-r.psy.cmu.edu
> > http://act-r.psy.cmu.edu/mailman/listinfo/act-r-users
>
> --
> Bruno Emond. Ph.D.
> Research Officer | Agent de Recherche
> Tel. | Tél. 1.613.991.5471
> Facsimile | Télécopieur 1.613.952.0215
> bruno.emond at nrc-cnrc.gc.ca
>
> Institute for Information Technology
> Institut de technologie de l'information
> http://iit-iti.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca
>
> National Research Council Canada
> Conseil National de Recherches Canada
> 1200 Montreal Rd., M50, Ottawa, ON  K1A 0R6
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>
>
>
>
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