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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>I see. I assume
[Question] and [EventTypeSpec] are top-level slots in your grammar right? The “IS”
in “WHERE IS CLASS” doesn’t get covered by any parse? This
looks like a key-phrase-spotting-like approach. While this is perfectly okay in
the sense that Phoenix will return the right semantic structure, we try in general
to get our grammars to cover as much as possible of the input. The idea is that
the fact that we get a full parse or a fragmented parse gives an indication on
how confident we should be in the recognizer output (assuming your user speaks
natural English, I’d be more confident in an ASR result like “WHERE
IS THE CLASS” than in “WHERE CLASS” or “WHERE BLAHBLAH
CLASS”). So in your case, you can either extend your [where_event] rules
to include an (optional) IS:</span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'> </span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'>[where_event]<br>
(where *is)<br>
(at which location *is)<br>
(what is the location *is)<br>
(which location *is)<br>
(what location *is)<br>
;<br>
<br>
</span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'>or (even better) you can create a top-level rule like:</span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'>[Question]</span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'> ([where_event]
*is [EventType])</span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'> ([whattime_event]
*is [EventType])</span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'> ([describe_event]
[EventType])</span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'>;</span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'> </span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'>This way you can still bind [where_event] and
[EventType] to different concepts (in different agents) but your parse will
cover more of your input, under a single top-level slot (which means that you
can be pretty confident that your input was correctly recognized). Of course it
requires more work to actually cover most of what users might say (all the
variants of “WHERE IS THE MEETING”, “IN WHICH ROOM IS THE
MEETING”, “WHERE WILL THE MEETING BE HELD AT”…) but the
best you can do that, the better your system will behave, both in terms of
understanding what the user means and in terms of engaging in confirmations at
the right time.</span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'> </span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Does that clarify things
a bit?</span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'> </span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>antoine</span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'> </span></font></p>
<div>
<div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt'>
<hr size=2 width="100%" align=center tabindex=-1>
</span></font></div>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font
size=2 face=Tahoma><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>
Svetlana Stenchikova [mailto:svetastenchikova@gmail.com] <br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Wednesday, November 08, 2006
9:17 PM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> Antoine Raux<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Cc:</span></b>
ravenclaw-developers@cs.cmu.edu<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> Re: [RavenclawDev 184]
Re: grounding_manager_configuration setting inconfig file of DM</span></font></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> </span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>Thanks Antoine,<br>
<br>
Helios does not have access to the Phoenix grammar does it? It only gets
the string and the output parse, right?<br>
Here is my grammar excerpt. (the full grammar file is attached)<br>
<br>
I am binding Question and EventTypeSpec concepts in separate agents, so phoenix
outputs:<br>
(Maybe this is a problem?)<br>
<br>
[Question] ( [where_event] ( WHERE ) )<br>
Features<br>
[EventTypeSpec] ( [event_type] ( [event_type_singular] ( MEETING ) ) )<br>
<br>
Question and EventTypeSpec are declared in form<br>
<br>
<br>
[Question]<br>
([whattime_event]) <br>
([describe_event])<br>
([where_event])<br>
;<br>
<br>
[where_event]<br>
(where)<br>
(at which location)<br>
(what is the location)<br>
(which location)<br>
(what location)<br>
;<br>
<br>
# SS: I used to have this, but it did not matter:<br>
# (where *is *the *EVENT)<br>
# (*at which location *is *the *EVENT)<br>
<br>
<br>
[EventTypeSpec]<br>
([event_type])<br>
;</span></font></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=gmailquote><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>[event_type]</span></font></span><br>
<span class=gmailquote> ([event_type_singular])</span><br>
<span class=gmailquote> ([event_type_plural])</span><br>
<span class=gmailquote>;</span><br>
<br>
<span class=gmailquote>On 11/8/06, <b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Antoine
Raux</span></b> <<a href="mailto:antoine@cs.cmu.edu">antoine@cs.cmu.edu</a>>
wrote:</span></p>
<div link=blue vlink=blue>
<div>
<p><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;color:navy'>I think the problem is either in the grammar or
in Helios. Helios uses features such as "how many top level slots does the
parse contain", "how many words are covered by the parse",
… and combines them (along with more typical speech recognition features)
to produce the confidence score. What seems to be happening here is that the
grammar is such that the parse for "WHERE IS CLASS", while producing
the right concepts, leads to low confidence.</span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Three ways to solve this: 1) hack Helios to
always give perfect confidence for parsed input (that is *<b><span
style='font-weight:bold'>not</span></b>* a long term solution, I wouldn't
recommend it), 2) fix your grammar so that it produces parses that are more
like what Helios expect, 3) fix the Helios model to match your grammar. The
problem with 3) is that the confidence model in Helios is trained on data so
you'd need data for your system before being able to retrain Helios. So for now
I'd try to go for 2).</span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;color:navy'> </span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Could you send the parse for these two utterances
and you grammar?</span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;color:navy'> </span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;color:navy'>antoine</span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;color:navy'> </span></font></p>
<div>
<div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt'>
<hr size=2 width="100%" align=center>
</span></font></div>
<p><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font size=2
face=Tahoma><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>
Svetlana Stenchikova [mailto:<a href="mailto:svetastenchikova@gmail.com"
target="_blank">svetastenchikova@gmail.com</a>] <br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Wednesday, November 08, 2006
5:45 PM<br>
<span class=q><b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> Antoine Raux</span><br>
<span class=q><b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Cc:</span></b> <a
href="mailto:ravenclaw-developers@cs.cmu.edu" target="_blank">ravenclaw-developers@cs.cmu.edu</a></span><br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> Re: [RavenclawDev 182]
Re: grounding_manager_configuration setting inconfig file of DM</span></font></p>
</div>
<div><span id="q_10eca6b7447f6a11_3">
<p><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> </span></font></p>
<p style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>In the case of WHERE CLASS, the conversation continues
correctly, but in WHERE IS CLASS it it goes into default explicit
confirmation for CLASS (I just added it - thanks for the hint)<br>
<br>
I don't think it is the desirable behavior though. These typed (or perfectly
recognized) concepts. Why should it need to confirm them?<br>
<br>
thanks<br>
Svetlana</span></font></p>
<div>
<p><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>On
11/8/06, <b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Antoine Raux</span></b> <<a
href="mailto:antoine@cs.cmu.edu" target="_blank"> antoine@cs.cmu.edu</a>>
wrote:</span></font></p>
<div link=blue vlink=blue>
<div>
<p><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;color:navy'>What exactly is happening after you type either
of those?</span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;color:navy'>In the second case (WHERE IS CLASS) RC is trying
to perform an explicit confirmation "I think you said you wanted
information about a class. Is this correct?", whereas in the first case
it's just trying to do an implicit confirmation "Information about a
class… <moves on to the next task related question>".</span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;color:navy'>For any of these to work properly, you need to have
the ExplicitConfirm.pm and ImplicitConfirm.pm updated in the NLG. They should
map the concept name to the proper confirmation prompt (these Rosetta modeuls
work the same as <a href="http://Inform.pm" target="_blank">Inform.pm</a> or <a
href="http://Request.pm" target="_blank">Request.pm</a>). Maybe the problem is
that you're missing those? It wouldn't be a major problem in the implicit
confirmation case because the dialog moves on anyway but it would in the
explicit confirmation case because RC waits for a user answer (it creates a new
request agent and puts it on top of the stack).</span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;color:navy'> </span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;color:navy'>So the thing is, when you start dealing with
speech, you need to have all those grounding models and their associated
prompts in the NLG set correctly. It takes a little while but then RC does the
whole grounding job for you…</span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;color:navy'>I guess we really need some documentation about
this (Dan??)…</span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;color:navy'> </span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Hope this helps…</span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;color:navy'>antoine</span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;color:navy'> </span></font></p>
<div>
<div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt'>
<hr size=2 width="100%" align=center>
</span></font></div>
<p><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font size=2
face=Tahoma><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>
Svetlana Stenchikova [mailto:<a href="mailto:svetastenchikova@gmail.com"
target="_blank">svetastenchikova@gmail.com</a>] <br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Wednesday, November 08, 2006
4:51 PM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> Antoine Raux<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Cc:</span></b> <a
href="mailto:ravenclaw-developers@cs.cmu.edu" target="_blank">ravenclaw-developers@cs.cmu.edu</a><br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> Re: [RavenclawDev 179]
grounding_manager_configuration setting inconfig file of DM</span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> </span></font></p>
<p style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>I am not sure which entry to look at. <br>
<br>
Could this be because I am binding multiple concepts?<br>
It is not a problem for me now as I can fix it by taking out
grounding_manager_configuration from config. <br>
I am just concerned that I will deal with these issues with speech.<br>
<br>
<br>
>From a first glance at the helios log:<br>
WHERE CLASS<br>
<br>
confidence 0.62288<br>
<br>
WHERE IS CLASS<br>
<br>
confidence 0.28883<br>
<br>
<br>
In the dialog.log I get entries:<br>
<br>
I think this is for WHERE CLASS:<br>
****************************************<br>
<br>
[GMX@16:11:10.083] Grounding model /RavenCalendar/question_type_string
[TYPE=concept_default;POLICY=expl;EM=greedy;EP=0.20]:<br>
Full state: <br>
grounded = false<br>
top_confidence = 0.622880<br>
updated = true<br>
Belief state: INACTIVE:0.00 CONFIDENT:0.62 UNCONFIDENT:0.38
GROUNDED:0.00 <br>
Action values (dumped below):<br>
ACCEPT:2.4576<br>
EXPL_CONF:0.6568<br>
<br>
Suggested action: ACCEPT<br>
<br>
[GMX@16:11:10.083] Concept /RavenCalendar/the_event.event_type dumped below:<br>
CLASS|0.62<br>
[GMX@16:11:10.083] Grounding model /RavenCalendar/the_event.event_type
[TYPE=concept_default;POLICY=expl_impl;EM=greedy;EP=0.20]:<br>
Full state: <br>
grounded = false<br>
top_confidence = 0.622880<br>
updated = true<br>
Belief state: INACTIVE:0.00 CONFIDENT:0.62 UNCONFIDENT:0.38
GROUNDED:0.00 <br>
Action values (dumped below):<br>
ACCEPT:-2.1822<br>
EXPL_CONF:0.6568<br>
IMPL_CONF:1.8856<br>
<br>
Suggested action: IMPL_CONF<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
*****************************************<br>
<br>
and this for WHERE IS CLASS<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
[GMX@16:11:13.314] Grounding model /RavenCalendar/question_type_string
[TYPE=concept_default;POLICY=expl;EM=greedy;EP=0.20]:<br>
Full state: <br>
grounded = false<br>
top_confidence = 0.000000<br>
updated = false<br>
Belief state: INACTIVE:1.00 CONFIDENT:0.00 UNCONFIDENT:0.00
GROUNDED:0.00 <br>
Action values (dumped below):<br>
ACCEPT:10.0000<br>
EXPL_CONF: -<br>
<br>
Suggested action: ACCEPT<br>
<br>
[GMX@16:11:13.314] Concept /RavenCalendar/the_event.event_type dumped below:<br>
<UNDEFINED><br>
[GMX@16:11:13.315] Grounding model /RavenCalendar/the_event.event_type
[TYPE=concept_default;POLICY=expl_impl;EM=greedy;EP=0.20]:<br>
Full state: <br>
grounded = false<br>
top_confidence = 0.000000<br>
<br>
<br>
[GMX@16:11:37.467] Concept /RavenCalendar/question_type_string dumped below:<br>
where|0.29<br>
[GMX@16:11:37.467] Grounding model /RavenCalendar/question_type_string
[TYPE=concept_default;POLICY=expl;EM=greedy;EP=0.20]:<br>
Full state: <br>
grounded = false<br>
top_confidence = 0.288830<br>
updated = true<br>
Belief state: INACTIVE:0.00 CONFIDENT:0.29 UNCONFIDENT:0.71
GROUNDED:0.00 <br>
Action values (dumped below):<br>
ACCEPT:-4.2234<br>
EXPL_CONF:5.6675<br>
<br>
Suggested action: EXPL_CONF<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
</span></font></p>
<div>
<p><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>On
11/8/06, <b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Antoine Raux</span></b> <<a
href="mailto:antoine@cs.cmu.edu" target="_blank">antoine@cs.cmu.edu</a>>
wrote:</span></font></p>
<div link=blue vlink=purple>
<div>
<p><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
Arial;color:navy'>Hi Svetlana,</span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
Arial;color:navy'> </span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Have you looked at the confidence value for the
input in both cases? This is one of the features that Helios sends to the DM
for each input. It is possible that "where class" has a low
confidence for some reason (e.g. segmented parse…) and RC rejects it.
Normally if your grammar gives a full parse for "where class" that
shouldn't happen (at least on typed input) but…</span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;color:navy'> </span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;color:navy'>antoine</span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;color:navy'> </span></font></p>
<div>
<div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt'>
<hr size=2 width="100%" align=center>
</span></font></div>
<p><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font size=2
face=Tahoma><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'> <a
href="mailto:ravenclaw-developers-bounces@LOGANBERRY.srv.cs.cmu.edu"
target="_blank">ravenclaw-developers-bounces@LOGANBERRY.srv.cs.cmu.edu</a>
[mailto:<a href="mailto:ravenclaw-developers-bounces@LOGANBERRY.srv.cs.cmu.edu"
target="_blank">ravenclaw-developers-bounces@LOGANBERRY.srv.cs.cmu.edu</a>] <b><span
style='font-weight:bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Svetlana Stenchikova<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Wednesday, November 08, 2006
2:50 PM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> <a
href="mailto:ravenclaw-developers@cs.cmu.edu" target="_blank">ravenclaw-developers@cs.cmu.edu</a><br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> [RavenclawDev 179]
grounding_manager_configuration setting inconfig file of DM</span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> </span></font></p>
<p><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><br>
I have encountered an issue with binding a concept in DM depending on a user
utterance.<br>
<br>
in my DM I have a grammar mapping.
"@(...)[Question.where_event]>where,"<br>
<br>
<br>
The user can ask a question in multiple ways:<br>
where class<br>
where is class<br>
where is the class<br>
what is the location the class<br>
..<br>
<br>
for all of these entries PHOENIX produces identical parse<br>
<br>
[Question] ( [where_event] ( WHERE ) )<br>
Features<br>
[EventTypeSpec] ( [event_type] ( [event_type_singular] ( MEETING ) ) )<br>
<br>
" } )<br>
<br>
When a configuration file passed to the DM in -config has an entry:
grounding_manager_configuration =
turns:default;concepts:default;beliefupdatingmodel:npu<br>
<br>
<br>
if a user types:<br>
"where is the class" DM does not bind the concepts,
but if the user types <br>
"where
class"
DM binds the concepts.<br>
<br>
When the grounding_manager_configuration is taken out of DM, the binding
succeeds for both utterances.<br>
<br>
Can this be explained? Do you think there may be a problem with my grammar
or something in my DM? <br>
The grammar of the Phoenix parser should not matter because in all cases the
parses are identical, right?<br>
<br>
thank you<br>
<br>
Svetlana</span></font></p>
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