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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">Dear Hava and others …<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">What is in a name?
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">Lifelong Learning Machines <=
<b>Lifelong Machine Learning</b> <= Machine Lifelong Learning <= Learning to Learn<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">All of the above are concerned with the persistent and cumulative nature of learning with machines. They are based on the hypothesis that more efficient (shorter training times, fewer
training examples) and more effective (more accurate hypotheses) learning relies on an appropriate inductive bias, one source being prior knowledge from related tasks (or examples from the same task domain). They should also be concerned with the consolidation
of knowledge acquired through learning to support inductive bias, which forces one to look at the representation of learned knowledge.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">I have been studying
<b>Lifelong Machine Learning</b> since 1993. The field has gone from having no name to several vintages. This is an appeal for the community to stay with the title “<b>Lifelong Machine Learning</b>” unless there is some need to distinquish “Lifelong Learning
Machines” as a separate discipline. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">In 1995, Rich Caruana and I organized the first NIPS workshop on “Learning to Learn: Knowledge Consolidation<br>
and Transfer in Inductive Systems". See <a href="http://plato.acadiau.ca/courses/comp/dsilver/NIPS95_LTL/transfer.workshop.1995.html">
http://plato.acadiau.ca/courses/comp/dsilver/NIPS95_LTL/transfer.workshop.1995.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">This workshop produced a seminal book by Sebastian Thrun that solidified the title “Learning to Learn” or L2L. See
<a href="http://robots.stanford.edu/papers/thrun.book3.html">http://robots.stanford.edu/papers/thrun.book3.html</a> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">Over the next decade myself and several others started to use the term “Machine Lifelong Learning” or ML3.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">Our lab created a ML3 contributor website that has fallen behind over the years (<a href="http://ml3.acadiau.ca/)">http://ml3.acadiau.ca/)</a> being replaced by material on our current
lab website <a href="http://mlrl.acadiau.ca/">http://mlrl.acadiau.ca/</a> and by ResearchGate websites such as -
<a href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Daniel_Silver">https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Daniel_Silver</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">The L2L and ML3 titles lasted well into the first decade of the 2000s and was used at the second NIPS workshop on the subject “Inductive Transfer : 10 Years Later”. See
<a href="http://socrates.acadiau.ca/courses/comp/dsilver/Share/2005Conf/NIPS2005_ITWS/Website/index.htm">
http://socrates.acadiau.ca/courses/comp/dsilver/Share/2005Conf/NIPS2005_ITWS/Website/index.htm</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">Along the way Mark Ring has distinquished “Continual Learning” in the Reinforcement Learning paradigm as a process of learning ever more complicated skills by building on those skills already
developed. See<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><a href="https://www.cs.utexas.edu/~ring/Diss/index.html">https://www.cs.utexas.edu/~ring/Diss/index.html</a> and his new company
<a href="http://www.cogitai.com/">http://www.cogitai.com/</a> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">Around about 2010, Eric Eaton and others started to use the term “<b>Lifelong Machine Learning</b>” or
<b>LML</b> which many people have come to like. Please see Eric’s webpage for some of the work he has been involved in
<a href="https://www.seas.upenn.edu/~eeaton/research.html">https://www.seas.upenn.edu/~eeaton/research.html</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">So given that we have the well-used term “<b>Lifelong Machine Learning</b>” and that the name has changed a few times already, I really do not cherish the community moving toward yet another
permutation of the three words “Lifelong”, “Machine”, and “Leaning”, unless it is really a different research area … In which case, I would ask that we use a significantly different monicker. I make my case for sticking with the title “<b>Lifelong Machine
Learning</b>” with the list of its uses shown below my signature. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">Note that a new research theme is starting to be used that brings together machine learning and knowledge representation to solve one of the Big AI problems. The problem is how to the
learn background knowledge so it can be used for reason and the new title is “<b>Lifelong Machine Learning and Reasoning</b>”. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">Recently, I created a ResearchGate project which is gaining followers
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/project/Lifelong-Machine-Learning-and-Reasoning">https://www.researchgate.net/project/Lifelong-Machine-Learning-and-Reasoning</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">.. Danny <o:p>
</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">==========================<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">Daniel L. Silver </span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">Professor and Acting Director, Jodrey School of Computer Science</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">Director, Acadia Institute for Data Analytics</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">Acadia University,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">Office 314, Carnegie Hall, <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">Wolfville, Nova Scotia Canada B4P 2R6<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"> </span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">t. (902) 585-1413 </span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">f. (902) 585-1067 </span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"> </span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><a href="http://www2.acadiau.ca/index.php"><span lang="EN-CA">acadiau.ca</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/acadiauniversity"><span lang="EN-CA">Facebook</span></a></span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">
</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><a href="https://twitter.com/acadiau"><span lang="EN-CA">Twitter</span></a></span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">
</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/AcadiaWebmaster"><span lang="EN-CA">YouTube</span></a></span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">
</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/acadia-university?trk=biz-companies-cym"><span lang="EN-CA">LinkedIn</span></a></span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">
</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/acadiauniversity/albums"><span lang="EN-CA">Flickr</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><img border="0" width="270" height="56" id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image001.png@01D2B770.E8E99CD0"></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">In recent years, there has come to exist a wide variety of websites that are currently using “<b>Lifelong Machine Learning</b>” including those related to:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">Books:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><a href="https://www.cs.uic.edu/~liub/lifelong-machine-learning.html">https://www.cs.uic.edu/~liub/lifelong-machine-learning.html</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">Papers:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><a href="http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11704-016-6903-6.pdf">Lifelong machine learning: a paradigm for continuous learning</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><a href="http://www.aaai.org/ocs/index.php/SSS/SSS13/paper/viewFile/5802/5977">http://www.aaai.org/ocs/index.php/SSS/SSS13/paper/viewFile/5802/5977</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><a href="http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2433459">http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2433459</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><a href="https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/fb24/b6917eb42ccbf354371ee9565a3014b51e7c.pdf">https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/fb24/b6917eb42ccbf354371ee9565a3014b51e7c.pdf</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><a href="https://cs.byu.edu/colloquium/sentiment-analysis-and-lifelong-machine-learning">https://cs.byu.edu/colloquium/sentiment-analysis-and-lifelong-machine-learning</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><a href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Z_vWXgsAAAAJ&hl=en">https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Z_vWXgsAAAAJ&hl=en</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">Popular Press Articles:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><a href="https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2017/01/lifelong-machine-learning/">https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2017/01/lifelong-machine-learning/</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><a href="http://www.rollproject.org/lifelong-machine-learning-systems-optimisation/">http://www.rollproject.org/lifelong-machine-learning-systems-optimisation/</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">Videos:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wc2xn4g1-uU">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wc2xn4g1-uU</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">Courses:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><a href="https://www.cs.uic.edu/~liub/lifelong-learning.html">https://www.cs.uic.edu/~liub/lifelong-learning.html</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">Tutorials and Workshops:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><a href="https://www.cs.uic.edu/~liub/IJCAI15-tutorial.html">https://www.cs.uic.edu/~liub/IJCAI15-tutorial.html</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><a href="https://www.seas.upenn.edu/~eeaton/AAAI-SSS13-LML/">https://www.seas.upenn.edu/~eeaton/AAAI-SSS13-LML/</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><a href="http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-73755">http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-73755</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><a href="https://bigdata.cs.dal.ca/news/2014-06-09-000000/seminar-lifelong-machine-learning-and-reasoning">https://bigdata.cs.dal.ca/news/2014-06-09-000000/seminar-lifelong-machine-learning-and-reasoning</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">Research Websites:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><a href="http://mlrl.acadiau.ca/">http://mlrl.acadiau.ca/</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><a href="https://www.cs.uic.edu/~liub/lifelong-learning.html">https://www.cs.uic.edu/~liub/lifelong-learning.html</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><a href="https://www.seas.upenn.edu/~eeaton/research.html">https://www.seas.upenn.edu/~eeaton/research.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><a href="https://jaimefernandezdcu.wordpress.com/2016/10/24/lml/">https://jaimefernandezdcu.wordpress.com/2016/10/24/lml/</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri">++++++++ +++++++++ ++++++++++<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div style="border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:Calibri;color:black">From: </span>
</b><span style="font-family:Calibri;color:black">Connectionists <connectionists-bounces@mailman.srv.cs.cmu.edu> on behalf of Hava Siegelmann <hava.siegelmann@gmail.com><br>
<b>Date: </b>Sunday, April 16, 2017 at 1:57 PM<br>
<b>To: </b>"connectionists@mailman.srv.cs.cmu.edu" <connectionists@mailman.srv.cs.cmu.edu><br>
<b>Subject: </b>Re: Connectionists: Lifelong Learning Machines - Call for Grants<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Dear Connectionists, it was a typo, Lifelong Learning Machine is NOW AVAILABLE - please read, get together and apply.<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">We have the chance to start a new chapter of AI.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Hava<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">On Fri, Apr 14, 2017 at 5:41 PM, Hava Siegelmann <<a href="mailto:hava.siegelmann@gmail.com" target="_blank">hava.siegelmann@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
<blockquote style="border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0cm">
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Dear Friends <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Lifelong Learning Machines (L2M) call for proposals (or in DARPA lingo BAA (Broad agency announcement)) is not available online from the DARPA portal<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Note that there is also a link for teaming to enable create small groups is you are looking for collaborators.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Note that DARPA programs are once in a lifetime rather than NSF/NIH with repeating ideas. So start reading and prepare your applications on time.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">All the best and much luck -<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Hava Siegelmann <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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