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<!--StartFragment--><p class="MsoTitle"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-bidi-font-weight:normal">Speech Unit(e)s</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Cambria;
mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:
AdvOT863180fb"> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoTitle"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Cambria;
mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:
AdvOT863180fb">The multisensory-motor unity of speech</span><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Cambria;"> <o:p></o:p></span></i></p><p class="MsoTitle"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Cambria;">Understanding how speech unites the sensory
and motor streams, <o:p></o:p></span></i></p><p class="MsoTitle"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Cambria;">And how speech units emerge from
perceptuo-motor interactions </span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Cambria;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoTitle"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:
major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin"> </span></p><p class="MsoTitle"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:
major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin">ERC Advanced Grant, Jean-Luc
Schwartz, GIPSA-Lab, Grenoble, France</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: Cambria;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoTitle"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:20.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"> </span></i></p>
<div style="mso-element:para-border-div;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
12.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;border:none;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
padding:0cm;mso-padding-alt:1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:
major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB"> </span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
12.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;border:none;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
padding:0cm;mso-padding-alt:1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-ansi-language:EN-GB">Proposal for a post-doc position beginning in
September 2014: “The informational structure of audio-visuo-motor speech”</span></b><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:8.0pt;
font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-ansi-language:EN-GB"> <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:12.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;
border:none;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm;mso-padding-alt:
1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Cambria;
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</div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt"><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:
major-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Context<o:p></o:p></span></u></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
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mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language:
EN-US">The <b><i>Speech Unit(e)s</i></b> project is focused on the speech unification
process associating the auditory, visual and motor streams in the human brain,
in an interdisciplinary approach combining cognitive psychology, neurosciences,
phonetics (both descriptive and developmental) and computational models. The
framework is provided by the “Perception-for-Action-Control Theory (PACT)”
developed by the PI (Schwartz et al., 2012).<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
12.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Cambria;
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EN-US">PACT is a perceptuo-motor theory of speech communication connecting, in
a principled way, perceptual shaping and motor procedural knowledge in speech
multisensory processing. The communication unit in PACT is neither a sound nor
a gesture but a perceptually shaped gesture, that is a perceptuo-motor unit. It
is characterized by both articulatory coherence – provided by its gestural
nature – and perceptual value – necessary for being functional. PACT considers
two roles for the perceptuo-motor link in speech perception: online unification
of the sensory and motor streams through audio-visuo-motor binding, and offline
joint emergence of the perceptual and motor repertoires in speech development. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
12.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:
Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> </span></u></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
12.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:
Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Objectives of the post-doc position<o:p></o:p></span></u></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
12.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Cambria;
mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language:
EN-US">In a multisensory-motor context such as the present one, a major
requirement concerns a better knowledge of the structure of the information.
Speech scientists have acquired a very good knowledge of the structure of
speech acoustics, capitalizing on large audio corpora and up-to-date
statistical techniques (mostly based on sophisticated implementations of Hidden
Markov Models, e.g. Schutz & Waibel, 2001, Yu & Deng, 2011). Data on
speech rhythms, in relation with the syllabic structure, have been analyzed clearly
in a number of works (Greenberg, 1999; Grant & Greenberg, 2003). <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
12.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Cambria;
mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language:
EN-US">In spite of strong efforts in the field of audiovisual speech automatic
recognition (Potamianos et al., 2003), characterization of the structure of
audiovisual information is scarce. While an increasing number of papers on
audiovisual speech perception presenting cognitive and neurophysiological data
quote the “advance of the visual stream on the audio stream”, few papers
provide quantitative evidence (see Chandrasekaran et al., 2009) and when they do,
these are sometimes mistaken or oversimplified. Actually, the temporal
relationship between visual and auditory information is far from constant from
one situation to another (Troille et al., 2010). Concerning the perceptuo-motor
link, the situation is even worse. Few systematic quantitative studies are
available because of the difficulty to acquire articulatory data, and in these
studies the focus is generally set on the so-called “inversion problem” (e.g.
Ananthakrishnan & Engwall, 2011, Hueber et al., 2012) rather than a
systematic characterization of the structure of the perceptuo-motor
relationship. Finally, there is a strong lack of systematic investigations of the
relationship between orofacial and bracchio-manual gestures in face-to-face
communication.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
12.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Cambria;
mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language:
EN-US">We shall gather a large corpus of audio-visuo-articulatory-gestural
speech.</span></i></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:
major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> Articulatory
data will be acquired through ultrasound, electromagnetic articulography (EMA)
and video imaging. Labial configurations and estimates of jaw movements will be
automatically extracted and processed thanks to a large range of video facial
processing. We also additionally plan to record information about accompanying
coverbal gestures by the hand and arm, thanks to an optotrack system enabling
to track bracchio-manual gestures. A complete equipment for
audio-video-ultrasound-EMA-optotrack acquisition and automatic processing, named
ultraspeech-tools, is available in Grenoble (more information on
<a href="http://www.ultraspeech.com">www.ultraspeech.com</a>). The corpus will consist in isolated syllables, chained
syllables, simple sentences and read material. Elicitation paradigms will
associate reading tasks (with material presented on a computer screen) and
dialogic situations between the subject and an experimenter to evoke coverbal
gestures as ecologically as possible.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
12.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">The corpus will be
analyzed, by extensive use and possibly development of original techniques,
based on data–driven statistical models and machine learning algorithms,</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> in the search for
three major types of characteristics:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:-18.0pt;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Cambria;
mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:Cambria;mso-fareast-theme-font:
major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Cambria;
mso-bidi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB">1)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB">Quantification of
auditory, visual and motor rhythms</span></i></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Cambria;
mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language:
EN-GB">, from kinematic data – e.g. acoustic envelope, lip height and/or width,
variations in time of the principal components of the tongue deformations,
analysis of the arm/hand/finger dynamics;<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:-18.0pt;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Cambria;
mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:Cambria;mso-fareast-theme-font:
major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Cambria;
mso-bidi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB">2)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB">Quantification of
delays</span></i></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:
major-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB"> between sound, lips, tongue and hand in
various kinds of configurations associated with coarticulation processes (e.g. vowel
to vowel anticipatory and perseverative phenomena, consonant-vowel
coproduction, vocal tract preparatory movement in silence) and oral/gestural
coordination;<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:-18.0pt;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Cambria;
mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:Cambria;mso-fareast-theme-font:
major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Cambria;
mso-bidi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">3)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Quantification of the
amount of predictability</span></i></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> between lips,
tongue, hand and sound, through various techniques allowing the quantitative
estimate of joint information (e.g. mutual information, entropy,
co-inertia) and perform statistical inference between modalities (e.g.
Graphical models such as dynamic Bayesian Framework, multi-stream HMM, etc.)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
12.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Cambria;
mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language:
EN-US">The work will be performed within <b>a
multidisciplinary group in GIPSA-Lab Grenoble, associating specialists in speech
and gesture communication, cognitive processes, signal processing and machine
learning </b>(partners of the project: Jean-Luc Schwartz, Marion Dohen from the
“Speech, Brain, Multimodality Development” team; Thomas Hueber, Laurent Girin
from the “Talking Machines and Face to Face Interaction” team; Pierre-Olivier
Amblard and Olivier Michel from the “Information in Complex Systems” team).<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
12.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Cambria;
mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language:
EN-US"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
12.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:
Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Practical information<o:p></o:p></span></u></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
12.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Cambria;
mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language:
EN-US">The post-doc position is open for a two-year period, with a possible
third-year prolongation. The position is open from September 2014, or slightly
later if necessary.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
12.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Cambria;
mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language:
EN-US">Candidates should have a background in speech and signal processing,
face-to-face communication, and machine learning, or at least two of these
three domains.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
12.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Candidates should
send as soon as possible a short email to Jean-Luc Schwartz (</span></b><a href="mailto:Jean-Luc.Schwartz@gipsa-lab.grenoble-inp.fr"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Jean-Luc.Schwartz@gipsa-lab.grenoble-inp.fr</span></b></a><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Cambria;
mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language:
EN-US">) to declare their intention to submit a full proposal. <o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<pre style="text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Then they must send a full application file in the next weeks. This application file will include an <u>extended CV</u> and a <u>list of publications</u>, together with <u>a letter</u> explaining why they are interested in the project, what their specific interests could be, possibly suggesting other experiments related to the general question of the informational structure of audio-visuo-motor speech, and also how this position would fit into their future plans for the development of their own career. They should also provide <u>two names</u> (with email addresses) for recommendations about their applications. Preselected candidates will be interviewed.</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin"><o:p></o:p></span></pre><pre><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:
major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> </span></pre><pre><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:
major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Final selection should occur before mid-June.</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin"><o:p></o:p></span></pre><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
12.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Cambria;
mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language:
EN-US"> </span></p>
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