From rsun at pc113.cecs.missouri.edu Fri Mar 9 19:09:36 2001 From: rsun at pc113.cecs.missouri.edu (Dr. Ron Sun) Date: Fri, 9 Mar 2001 18:09:36 -0600 Subject: new papers on cognitive models available Message-ID: Announcing several papers on cognitive modeling and cognitive architectures based on hybrid reinforcement learning --- the CLARION model: A paper on cognitive modeling using CLARION: -------------------------------------------------- >>From Implicit Skills to Explicit Knowledge: A Bottom-Up Model of Skill Learning Ron Sun Edward Merrill Todd Peterson To appear in: Cognitive Science, Vol.25, No.2. March 2001. http://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/sun.CS99.ps http://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/sun.CS99.pdf ABSTRACT This paper presents a skill learning model CLARION. Different from existing models of mostly high-level skill learning that use a top-down approach (that is, turning declarative knowledge into procedural knowledge through practice), we adopt a bottom-up approach toward low-level skill learning, where procedural knowledge develops first and declarative knowledge develops later. Our model is formed by integrating connectionist, reinforcement, and symbolic learning methods to perform on-line reactive learning. It adopts a two-level dual-representation framework (Sun 1995), with a combination of localist and distributed representation. We compare the model with human data in a minefield navigation task, demonstrating some match between the model and human data in several respects. A new paper on consciousness: -------------------------------------------------- Computation, Reduction, and Teleology of Consciousness Ron Sun To appear in: {\it Cognitive Systems Research}, Vol.1, No.4, 2001. http://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/sun.jcsr-cons10.ps http://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/sun.jcsr-cons10.pdf ABSTRACT This paper aims to explore mechanistic and teleological explanations of consciousness. In terms of mechanistic explanations, it critiques various existing views, especially those embodied by existing computational cognitive models. In this regard, the paper argues in favor of the explanation based on the distinction between localist (symbolic) representation and distributed representation (as formulated in the connectionist literature), which reduces the phenomenological difference to a mechanistic difference. Furthermore, to establish a teleological explanation of consciousness, the paper discusses the issue of the functional role of consciousness on the basis of the afore-mentioned mechanistic explanation. A proposal based on synergistic interaction between the conscious and the unconscious is advanced that encompasses various existing views concerning the functional roles of consciousness. This two-step deepening explanation has some empirical support, in the form of a cognitive model and various cognitive data that it captures. Also, a previous paper on accounting for consciousness computationally: -------------------------------------------------- Accounting for the Computational Basis of Consciousness: A Connectionist Approach Ron Sun Appeared in: Consciousness and Cognition, 1999. http://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/sun.CC99.ps http://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/sun.CC99.pdf ABSTRACT This paper argues for an explanation of the mechanistic (computational) basis of consciousness that is based on the distinction between localist (symbolic) representation and distributed representation, the ideas of which have been put forth in the connectionist literature. A model is developed to substantiate and test this approach. The paper also explores the issue of the functional roles of consciousness, in relation to the proposed mechanistic explanation of consciousness. The model, embodying the representational difference, is able to account for the functional role of consciousness, in the form of the synergy between the conscious and the unconscious. The fit between the model and various cognitive phenomena and data (documented in the psychological literatures) is discussed to accentuate the plausibility of the model and its explanation of consciousness. Comparisons with existing models of consciousness are made in the end. ----------------------------------------------------------------- Symbol Grounding: A New Look At An Old Idea by Ron Sun Appeared in: Philosophical Psychology, Vol.13, No.2, pp.149-172. 2000. http://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/sun.PP00.ps http://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/sun.PP00.pdf ABSTRACT Symbols should be grounded, as has been argued before. But we insist that they should be grounded not only in subsymbolic activities, but also in the interaction between the agent and the world. The point is that concepts are not formed in isolation (from the world), in abstraction, or ``objectively". They are formed in relation to the experience of agents, through their perceptual/motor apparatuses, in their world and linked to their goals and actions. In this paper, we will take a detailed look at this relatively old issue, using a new perspective, aided by our work of computational cognitive model development. Finally, a previous paper on computational aspects of the model: --------------------------------- Autonomous Learning of Sequential Tasks: Experiments and Analyses by Ron Sun, Todd Peterson Appeared in: IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, Vol.9, No.6, pp.1217-1234. November, 1998. http://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/sun.tnn98.ps ABSTRACT: This paper presents a novel learning model CLARION, which is a hybrid model based on the two-level approach proposed in Sun (1995). The model integrates neural, reinforcement, and symbolic learning methods to perform on-line, bottom-up learning (i.e., learning that goes from neural to symbolic representations). The model utilizes both procedural and declarative knowledge (in neural and symbolic representations respectively), tapping into the synergy of the two types of processes. It was applied to deal with sequential decision tasks. Experiments and analyses in various ways are reported that shed light on the advantages of the model. =========================================================================== Prof. Ron Sun http://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun CECS Department phone: (573) 884-7662 University of Missouri-Columbia fax: (573) 882 8318 201 Engineering Building West Columbia, MO 65211-2060 email: rsun at cecs.missouri.edu http://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun http://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/journal.html http://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/clarion.html =========================================================================== From nbrannon at cs.wright.edu Mon Mar 12 08:06:16 2001 From: nbrannon at cs.wright.edu (Nathan Brannon) Date: Mon, 12 Mar 2001 08:06:16 -0500 (EST) Subject: strategy Message-ID: In terms of production rules, how would you define "strategy?" ________________________________________________________________ Nathan G. Brannon Ph.D. Candidate Biomedical, Industrial, and Human Factors Engineering Wright State University BIE Dept. / 207 RC Dayton, Ohio 45435 Ph: 937.775.5044 or 937.775.5152 Fax: 937.775.7364 e-mail: nbrannon at cs.wright.edu Lab URL: www.cs.wright.edu/~heats/ Personal URL: home.earthlink.net/~ngbrannon From lovett at andrew.cmu.edu Mon Mar 12 09:36:36 2001 From: lovett at andrew.cmu.edu (Marsha Lovett) Date: Mon, 12 Mar 2001 09:36:36 -0500 Subject: strategy Message-ID: the ACTION). If one takes a production rule as representing the way procedural knowledge is represented by the solver, then there may be many production-rules implementing this generic definition of strategy. One reason for this is that in production rules, there is just as much of an emphasis on the conditions of applicability as on the actions. Because each production rule has a condition-action pair (and because variables are usually bound/instantiated on the left/right hand sides), this implies that a prduction-rule strategy represents a relationship between the conditions of applicability and the actions taken. In Lovett & Schunn (1999; in JEP:General), we discuss how problem solvers might construct strategies within a production rule format. Here, the features in the solver's representation constrain which strategies can be constructed and which condition-action relationships can be made (as in "IF the cue color is X, then choose the option that matches X" where the action is defined in terms of a condition-side term). From ja+ at cmu.edu Wed Mar 21 10:04:51 2001 From: ja+ at cmu.edu (John Anderson) Date: Wed, 21 Mar 2001 10:04:51 -0500 Subject: ACT-R publications 1997-2001 Message-ID: I am trying to put together a complete record of all publications in the period 1997-2001 that described running ACT-R models. When this is complete I will share it with the community. But please help and do not be modest! Rather than embarrassing me by tricking me into omitting one of your papers, do me the kindness of letting me know about all of your published papers. Also, if there is someone you suspect will not nominate their paper (perhaps because they have backslid from the ACT-R faith into a dot.com) please point out their paper. Thanks, John -- ========================================================== John R. Anderson Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA 15213 Phone: 412-268-2788 Fax: 412-268-2844 email: ja at cmu.edu URL: http://act.psy.cmu.edu/ From ja+ at cmu.edu Wed Mar 21 16:19:47 2001 From: ja+ at cmu.edu (John Anderson) Date: Wed, 21 Mar 2001 16:19:47 -0500 Subject: ACT-R publications 1997-200? Message-ID: include publications in press. Thanks -- ========================================================== John R. Anderson Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA 15213 Phone: 412-268-2788 Fax: 412-268-2844 email: ja at cmu.edu URL: http://act.psy.cmu.edu/ From ckrachun at globalserve.net Mon Mar 26 14:07:16 2001 From: ckrachun at globalserve.net (ckrachun at globalserve.net) Date: Mon, 26 Mar 2001 19:07:16 -0000 Subject: Emotion models Message-ID: Does anyone know whether there are any existing models that deal with emotion (for example how emotions are generated; how cognitive appraisal affects experienced emotion or how emotions affect cognitive processes such as remembering, problem solving, or interpreting ambiguous stimuli)? I'm interested in any models that can in any way, even indirectly, be considered to have an emotional element. Thanks, Carla Krachun Cognitive Science program Carleton University Ottawa, Canada From rvb at cs.nottingham.ac.uk Mon Mar 26 15:11:49 2001 From: rvb at cs.nottingham.ac.uk (Roman Belavkin) Date: Mon, 26 Mar 2001 21:11:49 +0100 Subject: Emotion models Message-ID: > Does anyone know whether there are any existing models that deal with > emotion (for example how emotions are generated; how cognitive > appraisal affects experienced emotion or how emotions affect cognitive > processes such as remembering, problem solving, or interpreting > ambiguous stimuli)? I'm interested in any models that can in any way, > even indirectly, be considered to have an emotional element. I did and am doing some work on it. Have a look at my page there are some articles on it and the one for AISB01 convension on Emotion and Cognition that has just been in York last week http://www.cs.nott.ac.uk/~rvb/rvb-aisb1.pdf Cheers Roman From etkarac at yahoo.com Wed Mar 28 08:23:44 2001 From: etkarac at yahoo.com (etkarac at yahoo.com) Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2001 13:23:44 -0000 Subject: Modeling second language acquisition Message-ID: second language acquisition exists. Edina... Please reply to : etkarac at chat.carleton.ca From ljerzyki at ccs.carleton.ca Wed Mar 28 09:03:44 2001 From: ljerzyki at ccs.carleton.ca (luke jerzykiewicz) Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2001 09:03:44 -0500 Subject: another query re: existing models Message-ID: How about a model of Euclidean geometry derivations (or articles on why this probably can't be done)? cheers, luke jerzykiewicz ljerzyki at ccs.carleton.ca ---------- >From: etkarac at yahoo.com >To: act-r-users at andrew.cmu.edu >Subject: Modeling second language acquisition >Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2001 8:23 > > I have been wondering whether or not an act-r model for any aspect of > second language acquisition exists. > Edina... > > Please reply to : > etkarac at chat.carleton.ca > From ja+ at cmu.edu Fri Mar 30 10:22:48 2001 From: ja+ at cmu.edu (John Anderson) Date: Fri, 30 Mar 2001 10:22:48 -0500 Subject: publications in press or submitted Message-ID: hard at organizing them and hope to have something preliminary by the end of next week. Some of you have sent in press and submitted publications and some of you felt inhibited from doing so, particularly "submitted" in light of the wording of my original request. However, I would like to be complete and optimistic -- particularly in light of the number of papers being submitted to ICCM and Cognitive Science. So if you were inhibited before, please release those inhibitions and send me the remainder. Thanks again, John -- ========================================================== John R. Anderson Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA 15213 Phone: 412-268-2788 Fax: 412-268-2844 email: ja at cmu.edu URL: http://act.psy.cmu.edu/ From aconway at uic.edu Fri Mar 30 11:35:47 2001 From: aconway at uic.edu (Andy Conway) Date: Fri, 30 Mar 2001 10:35:47 -0600 Subject: publications in press or submitted Message-ID: At 10:22 AM 03/30/2001 -0500, you wrote: >Thank you all for the many references you have sent me. I am working >hard at organizing them and hope to have something preliminary by the >end of next week. Some of you have sent in press and submitted >publications and some of you felt inhibited from doing so, >particularly "submitted" in light of the wording of my original >request. However, I would like to be complete and optimistic -- >particularly in light of the number of papers being submitted to ICCM >and Cognitive Science. So if you were inhibited before, please >release those inhibitions and send me the remainder. > >Thanks again, >John >-- > >========================================================== > >John R. Anderson >Carnegie Mellon University >Pittsburgh, PA 15213 > >Phone: 412-268-2788 >Fax: 412-268-2844 >email: ja at cmu.edu >URL: http://act.psy.cmu.edu/ > > **************************************************** Dr. Andrew R.A. Conway University of Illinois at Chicago Department of Psychology (M/C 285) 1007 West Harrison Street Chicago, IL 60607-7137 Phone: 312-413-9407 Fax: 312-413-4122 Email: aconway at uic.edu **************************************************** UIC Memory & Attention Lab http://www.uic.edu/~mbunting/