Schema-based models

[Wayne Gray]

Folks,

Ben implicated me as having talked about schema-based models.

This is a three-part reply:


1. With Susan Kirschenbaum, I have been studying how submarine 
commanders localize an enemy hiding in deep water. We have a theory 
of this task that we refer to as:  schema-directed problem solving 
with shallow and adaptive subgoaling (SDPSSAS).

A very brief description of that theory is contained in:

Gray, W. D., & Kirschenbaum, S. S. (in press). Analyzing a novel 
expertise: An unmarked road. In J. M. C. Schraagen, S. F. Chipman, & 
V. L. Shalin (Eds.), Cognitive task analysis . Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

This paper may be downloaded via:

http://hfac.gmu.edu/~graypubs

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2. The initial empirical investigation has been extended using a home 
built simulation of the AO's (approach officer) task called Ned. We 
now have data from 10% of the active submarine officers interacting 
with Ned. The "scaled worlds" methodology used in this work is 
described in a paper just accepted for publication by the Human 
Factors journal. As I have not seen the editor's final comments, I am 
sitting on that paper until I can be sure that the copy that will 
appear in print will be substantially similar to the paper I 
distribute.

At the current time we have a "baselevel" model of this task. The 
model suffices to enable us to follow along in the protocols. Ned has 
about 8 displays, each of which is complex. The baseline model 
suffices to enable us to follow the AO encoded operator by encoded 
operator as he performs his task using Ned. (The model interacts 
directly with Ned but is not an RPM model.)

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3. We have machine encoded 18 empirical protocols at the operator 
level. (These are the encoded operators referred to above.) We are 
currently finishing our interrater reliability procedure for our 
encodings of goals and subgoals. Early indications are that the 
control structure that emerges from the analysis of the new data 
support conclusions based on the original data (i.e., SDPSSAS).

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4. Stay tuned for more. Our take on schemas is very different from 
the Scott and Marshall take. If we are successful in modeling this 
task we will be presenting it either in Groningen in March or 
Pittsburgh in July.

Cheers,

Wayne

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Wayne D. Gray  HUMAN FACTORS & APPLIED COGNITIVE PROGRAM

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